Opencast Working And Stripping Ratio » MiningPathsala - Opencast Mining (Quarrying): Methods, Advantages ...
until 1971; then soil and rock (called overburden) lying over small area of the coal seam is blasted excavated and dumped on non-coal bearing surface nearby. The exposed coal is blasted and mined. Operation of removal of overburden and extraction of …Mining and opencast mining in particular affect all components of ecosystems (Bradshaw,
اقرأ المزيد